Maryland’s 2025 Criminal Justice Reforms Take Effect

Maryland’s criminal justice reforms are reshaping how criminal cases are prosecuted, defended, and resolved, including expanded record expungement, stiffer traffic‑related criminal penalties, and new sentencing review opportunities that could influence defense strategies in 2026 and beyond.

1. Expanded Expungement and Second Look Opportunities

Beginning October 1, 2025, Maryland expanded eligibility for criminal record expungement under the Expungement Reform Act, reducing waiting periods and broadening the list of qualifying offenses. 

This change is part of a broader effort by state leaders to support rehabilitation and improve long‑term opportunities for people with past convictions, including former cannabis offenders whose records were previously pardoned.

In addition, the Maryland Second Look Act now authorizes courts to review lengthy prison sentences for people who were between 18 and 25 at the time of their offense after they have served at least 20 years. 

Defense attorneys say this creates new avenues for sentence reconsideration, especially for clients with strong rehabilitation records.

2. New Traffic Laws Carry Criminal Penalties

Among the most significant updates affecting everyday drivers is the Sergeant Patrick Kepp Act, which took effect on October 1, 2025. 

Under this law, driving 30 miles per hour or more over the speed limit is now classified as reckless driving, a criminal misdemeanor carrying a potential jail term of up to 60 days, a fine of up to $1,000, and 6 points on a driver’s license. 

Such changes are expected to increase the number of criminal traffic cases in circuit courts across the Eastern Shore.

3. State Government Pushes Safety and Second Chances

Governor Wes Moore signed key public safety and criminal justice bills in 2025, highlighting an “all‑of‑the‑above” strategy aimed at reducing crime while promoting rehabilitation and opportunity for individuals impacted by the justice system. 

These included both punitive measures and reforms aimed at fostering reintegration and reducing recidivism.

4. Implications for Defendants and Advocates

For defense attorneys and their clients, these reforms bring both challenges and opportunities. Expanded expungement eligibility may help many individuals clear past records and pursue housing or employment without the lifelong stigma of conviction. 

At the same time, tougher criminal classifications for reckless driving and other traffic offenses may result in more serious charges that require focused defense strategies.

Criminal defense attorneys across Maryland, including those serving the Eastern Shore, are watching how courts implement these changes and advising clients accordingly. 

Local legal professionals emphasize the importance of understanding the nuances of criminal justice reforms to inform case evaluations, plea negotiations, and trial preparations in the coming year.